Without optifine, probably 5-10. You can forget about multiple applications open when I have mc up. With optifine? Ehh... 20-35. Barely able to play while on Teamspeak, but aye- it'll do.
300-400, with max settings, with optifine and lower settings probably over 500? I usually keep it locked at 70fps.
However, having more than 60fps won't make a difference to most players as most have 60Hz monitors. Therefore they can't display more than 60fps. There are 120Hz monitors which can display 120fps but tthey're more expensive and less common. tl-dr: The Monitor frequency = max fps displayed
That is why Nvidia's gsync is quite useful - only pushing the frames at the same rate as your monitor refreshes. I personally can push 800-1000FPS playing minecraft, with optifine. That's full screen 1080p, if I do half screen or something then I can get 1300FPS or so. Perks of having a highly overclocked CPU (4.83GHz intel i5-2500k) with decent overclocked graphics card (Nvidia gtx 760). P.S. I haven't played minecraft, or any video game, in a year or two. IDK why I came on this forum today, just randomly came here and saw this and decided to comment.
I use the integrated graphics on the i7 and can push it to 800fps with no graphics card at all, tho my screen is only 60Hz xD